# Sam Cheat Sheet from 9fans
Thread: `[9fans] Revised sam cheat sheat`
By: `revcomninos`
## CHEAT SHEET OF SAM COMMANDS
x cmd - set dot and run command on each matching line
. -- apply command to dot
, -- apply command to whole document
< replace dot with std input of command
! run the unix command
> send dot to std input of command
0<date -- insert date
>spell -- check spelling
>wc -l -- count just the lines
>wc -- do a line, word and character count
|tr a-z A-Z -- change case
,x/".+"/ y/"/ | tr [:lower:] [:upper:]
OR
,x/".+"/ y/"/ | tr a-z A-Z
-- to capitalise all letters inside quotes
s/.*/*&*/ -- enclose phrase in asterisks
|fold -s -- break up/format long lines
|fmt -- idem
|sort -- sort the file
|uniq -- delete juxtaposed duplicate lines
|awk '!seen[$0]++' -- delete non-juxtaposed duplicate lines
,x/\n+/a/\n/ -- finds every occurrence of 1 or more (+) newlines (\n) and appends
a new line.
/vi/ or +/vi/ -- search forward
0/regex/ -- search from beg. of file forwards
0/regex/+-p -- search for a string and select the whole line that contains it
/vi/+- m 0 selects and moves the next line containing "vi" to the top of the file
/vi/+- t 0 selects and copies the next line with "vi" to the top of the file
$/regex/ -- search from end of the file backwards
Search for a string, and then go from search results in sam window to document:
,x g/hello/{
p
=
}
0,$ t "peter.c" 0 -- copy contents of one to another
, and ; selects whole document
, equivalent to 0,$
0;5 and 0,5 - selects 1st five lines
-/^/+#10 -- go to 10th column of current line
B < echo *.org -- One can load multiple files by using <
B < grep -l vi * will load only those files that contain the string "vi"
D is the complement of B. It eradicates the file from sam's memory but does not
delete the file from disk! Without a name argument removes current file
e replaces current file with one specified
f changes the filename
f <nl? -- set the current filename to null
n gives a list of read and loaded files
{} Braces group commands
[ˆn] any char but n
[nm] n or m
w writes the whole file, or parts of a file to disk
< cat /home/red/bin/songs -- insert contents of a file
r /home/red/bin/songs -- idem
r replaces dot in the current file with the contents of the file specified
< /home/red/bin/songs -- insert contents of a script
> /home/red/bin/pass google -- output contents of script to sam window
< echo "Hello world" -- insert ascii code at the current position
x/^/a/ / -- indent the selected text by 1 tab. x means apply to all lines in the
selection.
sam terminal information
-----------------------
. indicates the current file
+ the file has a window open
- the file has been read by sam
* the file is open in more than one instance
' the loaded file differs from the file on disk
/.+\n/ -- finds lines with text
/.*\n/ -- matches single whole lines
0/Ben/,/Son/ -- find a range of text
.,/regexp/ -- selects text FROM dot to the regex
./regexp// -- selects the second occurrence of a regex
./regexp// -- selects the third occurrence of a regex
/vi/+/vi/ -- search for the second occurrence of "vi" following dot
p -- prints contents of dot in sam terminal
= -- prints current value of dot in sam terminal
,t "junk" 0 -- copy current file to start of file "junk"
Perform conditional ACTIONS on lines:
g/regexp/ command -- g = if. If dot contains regexp, run command
g/test/d
,x g/vi/p -- if a line has "vi" print the line in sam window
v/regexp/ command -- If dot does not contain, run a command
,x/.*\n/ g/ed/ v/red/ p -- find lines with ed but not red
,x/".+"/ y/"/ -- search for text in quotes but do not show lines with "y"
,x/".+"/ x/"/ -- search for text between quotes and only show the quotes
,x /.*\n/ g/vi/ p - break file into lines, if lines contain "vi, print
,x/ +$/d -- delete empty whitespace at end of every line
,x/'+$/i/ --color-auto/ -- insert the phrase "--color-auto" into every line that
ends in 1 or more '
.x/Peter/d -- search dot for 'Peter' and delete 'Peter'
,x/\\v|\\c|\\s1|\\q1/d -- multiple deletions
,x/\*/d -- delete all asterisks
,x/^ /d -- delete the indents
,x/^ +/d -- delete all blank spaces at beginning of lines
,x/^$\n/d -- delete all blank lines
,x/\n\n\n+/c/\n -- change multiple blank lines into 1 blank line
,x/[0-9]/d -- delete lines with numbers
,x/^http.[^,]*?/d -- search for "http...," and delete
C-i -- create a tab stop of 8 spaces
,x/^/a/ / -- indents text with a tab stop.
x/^ /d -- remove 1 tab of indent from selection
,x/[‘‘’’“”‘’]/c/" -- change all smart quotes into straight ones
,x/".+"/ x/"/ c/'/ -- change double quotes (that surround one or more characters)
to single quotes
,x/good/ c/bad/ -- change "good" to "bad" on every line
,x/teh/c/the/
,x/Emacs/x/E/c/e/ - change all the capital "E"s in "Emacs" to lower case "e"s
X -- is an iterator that works on files not lines
X D -- remove out all up to date files
X/regexp/ command -- Run command on files whose menu line matches
X/questions/D -- close file called "questions"
X/\.sam$/,x/the/+-p -- search multiple files for text and print the results
X/.*/,x/<cr>/d -- strip <cr> from all files
X ,x/(.+\n)+/ g/account/+-p -- look through every file, and every line, and if any
line contains "account" print it out in sam window
s/.*/& Hello/ -- add " Hello" to the end of line
s/good/bad/
The y command *excludes from consideration* in the seach that follows.
,y/ben/ x/(.+\n)+/g/Directory details/p
Y/regexp/ command -- Exclude the file named by "regex" from consideration.
.x g/fred/ v/........./ c/jim/ -- Look through dot. If dot contains "fred" change
it to "jim" provided it is not "fred....."
,x[a-zA-Z]+/{
g/fred/ v/...../ c/jim/
g/jim/ v/..../ c/fred/
}
In the above command braces {} allow for multiple commands. The command says:
search every line that contains 1 or more letters, if the line contains "fred"
change it to "jim" and if "jim" change it to fred, provided "fred" is not "fred."
and "jim" not "jim."
g - "if"
v" - "if not, unless the regex is"
,| ssam -f your_script -- apply a sam script